| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
01689naa a2200193uu 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
|---|
| control field |
7139 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
|---|
| control field |
OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
|---|
| control field |
20190211154220.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
020923s2005 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d |
| 999 ## - SYSTEM CONTROL NUMBERS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Koha Dewey Subclass [OBSOLETE] |
PHL2MARC21 1.1 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE |
|---|
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title |
eng |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
MONTINOLA, Gabriella R |
| 9 (RLIN) |
7383 |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Sources of corruption : |
| Remainder of title |
a cross-country study |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2002 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
Why is government corruption more pervasive in some societies than in others? In this article we examine public choice explanations that attribute corruption to a lack of competition in either political of economic arena or both. The principal part of our analysis draws on recently-published data about levels of corruption for a broad cross-section of countries reported for the early 1980s. We supplement this with an additional analysis of a second dataset on corruption measured during the late 1980s. Our analyses confirm that political competition affects level of corruption, but this effect is nonlinear. Corruption is typically lower in dictatorships than in countries that have partially democratized. But once past a threshold, democratic practices inhibit corruption. However, we obstained mixed results with respect to the relationship of economic competition and corruption: government size does not systematically affect corruption, but membership of the Oil Producing and Exporting Countries (OPEC) does. Finally, corruption is more pervasive in low-income countries which tend to underpay public sector employees |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
JACKMAN, Robert W |
| 9 (RLIN) |
16661 |
| 773 08 - HOST ITEM ENTRY |
|---|
| Title |
British Journal of Political Science |
| Related parts |
32, 1, p. 147-170 |
| Place, publisher, and date of publication |
, 2002 |
| Record control number |
|
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Koha item type |
Periódico |
| 998 ## - LOCAL CONTROL INFORMATION (RLIN) |
|---|
| -- |
20020923 |
| Operator's initials, OID (RLIN) |
Lucima |
| Cataloger's initials, CIN (RLIN) |
Lucimara |
| 998 ## - LOCAL CONTROL INFORMATION (RLIN) |
|---|
| -- |
20060511 |
| Operator's initials, OID (RLIN) |
1526^b |
| Cataloger's initials, CIN (RLIN) |
Quiteria |
