Retail multinationals and globalization : the evidence is regional
By: RUGMAN, Alan
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Contributor(s): GIROD, Stephane.
Material type: 
ArticlePublisher: European School of Management, 2003Subject(s): Globalização | Empresa Multinacional | Dsenvolvimento Regional | Área de Livre Comércio | Europa | América do Norte | AsiaEuropean Management Journal 21, 1, p. 24-37Abstract: This paper reports an empirical study of the world`s 49 lagest retail multinational enterprises (MNEs). Of these only one MNE is found to be a global MNE, while five are bi-regional, i.e. with at least 20 per cent of sales in two parts of the triad of the European Union, North America (NAFTA) and Asia. The remaining MNEs are either purely domestic or have sales in only their home-triad market. Thus, we conclude that the retail MNEs neither operate globally nor do they need global strategies. Instead, they are mainly regional MNEs and their focus is local, home-triad market-oriented
| Item type | Current location | Collection | Call number | Status | Date due | Barcode |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Periódico | Biblioteca Graciliano Ramos | Periódico | Not for loan |
This paper reports an empirical study of the world`s 49 lagest retail multinational enterprises (MNEs). Of these only one MNE is found to be a global MNE, while five are bi-regional, i.e. with at least 20 per cent of sales in two parts of the triad of the European Union, North America (NAFTA) and Asia. The remaining MNEs are either purely domestic or have sales in only their home-triad market. Thus, we conclude that the retail MNEs neither operate globally nor do they need global strategies. Instead, they are mainly regional MNEs and their focus is local, home-triad market-oriented
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