Conclusion - gouverner 'du-mou' : neuf très grandes métropoles
By: LORRAIN, Dominique
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ArticlePublisher: Paris : ENA, 2003Revue Française D'Administration Publique 107, p. 447-453Abstract: Aside from functional and social problems, the growth of very large metropolises results in a gap between the city area and its corresponding institutions. This in turn makes for increasing complexity in the institutional system, in which institutions piloting technical networks play a more and more important role. What then, does governing mean ? Something other than the usual sense of the term : the metropolitan control authority accompanies more than it directs and orients more than it decides. This gives rise to a hard-soft form of government : beneath the formal weakness of the political institutions lie structuring decisions budgets, norms, etc. originating in a hard level of authority and constituting reference points for the other actors
Aside from functional and social problems, the growth of very large metropolises results in a gap between the city area and its corresponding institutions. This in turn makes for increasing complexity in the institutional system, in which institutions piloting technical networks play a more and more important role. What then, does governing mean ? Something other than the usual sense of the term : the metropolitan control authority accompanies more than it directs and orients more than it decides. This gives rise to a hard-soft form of government : beneath the formal weakness of the political institutions lie structuring decisions budgets, norms, etc. originating in a hard level of authority and constituting reference points for the other actors
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