PART I: THE ROOTS 1. The origin of ethics - Mary Midgley 2. Ethics in small-scale societies - George Silberbauer 3. Ancient ethics - Gerald A. Larue PART II: THE GREAT ETHICAL TRADITIONS 4. Indian ethics - Purusottama Bilimoria 5. Buddhist ethics - Padmasiri de Silva 6. Classical Chinese ethics - Chad Hansen 7. Jewish ethics - Menachem Kellner 8. Christian ethics - Ronald Preston 9. Islamic ethics - Azim Nanji PART III: WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL ETHICS: A SHORT HISTORY 10. Ethics in ancient Greece - Christopher Rower 11. Medieval and renaissance ethics - John Haldane 12. Modern moral philosophy - J. B. Schneewind PART IV: HOW OUGHT I TO LIVE? 13. Natural law - Stephen Buckle 14. Kantian ethics - Kantian ethics 15. The social contract tradition - Will Kymlicka 16. Egoism - Kurt Baier 17. Contemporary deontology - Nacny ( Ann ) Davis 18. An ethic of prima facie duties - Jonathan Dancy 19. Consequentialism - Philip Pettit 20. Utility and the good - Robert E. Goodin 21. Virtue theory - Greg Pence 22. Rights - Brenda Almond PART V: APPLICATIONS 23. World poverty - Nigel Dower 24. Environmental ethics - Robert Elliot 25. Euthanasia - Helga Kuhse 26. Abortion - Mary Anne Warren 27. Sex - Raymond A. Belliotti 28. Personal relationships - Hugh Lafollette 29. Equality, discrimination and preferential treatment - Bernard R. Boxill 30. Animals - Lori Gruen 31. Business ethics - Robert C. Solomon 32. Crime and punishment - C. L. Ten 33. Politics and the problem of dirty hands - C. A. J. Coady 34. War and peace - Jeff Mcmahan PART VI: THE NATURE OD ETHICS 35. Realism - Michael Smith 36. Intuitionism - Jonathan Dancy 37. Naturalism - Charles R. Pigden 38. Subjectivism - James Rachels 39. Relativism - David Wong 40. Universal prescriptivism 41. Morality and psychological development - R. M. Hare 42. Method and moral theory - Laurence Thomas PART VII: CHALLENGE AND CRITIQUE - Dale Jamieson 43. The idea of a female ethic - Jean Grimshaw 44. The significance of evolution - Michael Ruse 45. Marx against morality - Allen Wood 46. How could ethics depend on religion? - Jonathan Berg 47. The implications of determinism - Robert Young * Afterword - Peter Singer