The conflict around the construction of a road that would cut across the Isiboro Sécure National Park and Indigenous Territory (TIPNIS), exploded in August 2011 and still unsolved, can be considered a turning point in the

relationship between the Bolivian government and social movements, and

among social movements themselves. This paper provides some insights to understand the recent shift in Bolivian political and social equilibria. After a period of alliances and mutual support in the face of threats from external

enemies – in particular, neoliberalism and oligarchic powers – social movements have recently entered into a moment of fragmentation and contention

over access to the same physical, symbolic and power spaces. Both recent

normative and constitutional reforms as well as new reshaping of social configurations and political power contributed to this conflictive scenario, which finds one of its main and most symbolic expressions in the conflicts for land and territory such as the TIPNIS dispute