Inclui bibliografia e índice.

1. Setting the Scene Types of Reciprocity A Simple Experiment To What End? 2 Animals and Infants Non-Primates Non-Human Primates Infants 3 A Pinch of Anthropology Kin or the Group Reciprocity in Tribal Communities The Undernourishment of Reciprocity 4 A Dash of Behavioural Economics
A Little Theory
Prisoners, Ultimatums and Dictators
The Other Games People Play
Beyond Abstraction 5 The Domain of Reciprocity
A Fair Exchange?
Fostering a Fair Exchange
A False Dichotomy 6 The Dark Side of Reciprocity
Resentment
Retaliation and Retribution
Cronyism, Fundamentalism, Nationalism and Other Isms
Ten Lessons 7 Nurturing Reciprocity in Public Policy

The Importance of Emphasis
The Case for Decentralising
The Case for Reducing Inequality 8. Reciprocity-Informed Policy Design
Fair Effort for Fair Pay, and Trust Between Buyers and Sellers
Non-Competitive Trade
Reputation Once More
Messaging Reciprocity 9 Towards a Political Economy of Behavioural Public Policy Addressing Internalities
The View from Nowhere
Reciprocity and Flourishing
Budging Phishing 10 Summing Up
Principal Arguments
Encore
References
Index

What motivates human behaviour? Drawing on literatures from anthropology to zoology, Oliver examines how we are motivated to give and take, rather than give or take. This book reviews the evolution of reciprocity as a motivator of behaviour, in terms of its observation in non-human species, in very young humans, and in societies that we can reasonably expect are similar to those in which our distant ancestors lived. The behavioural economic and social psychology literature that aims to discern when and in what circumstances reciprocity is likely to be observed and sustained is also reviewed, followed by a discussion on whether reciprocity is relevant to both the economic and the social domains. The dark sides of reciprocity are considered, before turning again to the light, and how the potentially beneficial effects of reciprocity might best be realised. This culminates in the presentation of a new political economy of behavioural public policy, with reciprocity playing a prominent role.