Packaging support for low-income families : policy variation across the United States
By: MEYERS, Marcia K
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Contributor(s): GORNICK, Janet C | PECK, Laura R.
Material type: 
ArticlePublisher: 2001Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 20, 3, p. 457-483Abstract: This paper addresses a gap in state-level comparative social policy research by analyzing policies that support low-income families with children. Variation in state policy "packages" is measured by considering three characteristics of 11 social programs. Individual measures of policy are found to be weakly and inconsistently inter-correlated at the state level, but when clusters or regime types are identified that have distinctive policy approaches. These range from the most minimal provisions, to conservative approaches emphasizing private responsibility, to integrated approaches that combine generous direct assistance with employment support and policies that enforce family responsibility. A comparison of a subset of programs at two points in time (1994 and 1998) suggests that states made subtantial changes in cash assistance and taxation policies after the 1996 federal welfare reforms. The magnitude and direction of these changes remained consistent with the state clusters identified in 1994
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This paper addresses a gap in state-level comparative social policy research by analyzing policies that support low-income families with children. Variation in state policy "packages" is measured by considering three characteristics of 11 social programs. Individual measures of policy are found to be weakly and inconsistently inter-correlated at the state level, but when clusters or regime types are identified that have distinctive policy approaches. These range from the most minimal provisions, to conservative approaches emphasizing private responsibility, to integrated approaches that combine generous direct assistance with employment support and policies that enforce family responsibility. A comparison of a subset of programs at two points in time (1994 and 1998) suggests that states made subtantial changes in cash assistance and taxation policies after the 1996 federal welfare reforms. The magnitude and direction of these changes remained consistent with the state clusters identified in 1994
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