FITZPATRICK, Tony <br/><br/>
The fourth attempt to construct a politics of welfare obligations 

 - Bristol :  The Policy Press,  January 2005 
<br/><br/> Since the 1980s there have been three influential attempts to ground citizenship on the principles of duty, obligation and responsibility: conservative, communitarian and Third Way. Each of these is reviewed in the article. The principal task of this article, however, is to examine the emergence of a fourth attempt, which, by relating duty to equality through the principle of reciprocity, represents a synthesis of traditional social democracy with the new politics of obligation. Our focus will be on The civic minimum by Stuart White, since this is arguably the most cogent expression of dutybased egalitarianism to have emerged in recent years