MORÇÖL, Göktug <br/><br/>
Transportation management associations :  prospects and problems for public administration 

 - Philadelphia :  Routledge,  2005 
<br/><br/> Transportation management districts (TMAs) are nonprofits formed by local business owners to solve transportation problems in their immediate areas. They have grown in numbers since the early '80s and have also expanded their influence on transportation policy, especially when affiliated with business improvement districts (BIDs). Both TMAs and BIDs reflect the increasing role of private business organizations in public policy; they are part of the increasing privatization since the early '80s, promoted by public choice theorists. Their growth and increasing policy influence requires us to expand our notion of public administration and see these organizations as full-fledged agents in the governance of metropolitan areas.