Reciprocity and the art of behavioural public policy /
por Adam Oliver, London School of Economics and Political Science. --
- United Kingdom, New York : Cambridge University Press, 2018.
- xvii, 194 p.
Inclui bibliografia e índice.
1. Setting the Scene Types of Reciprocity A Simple Experiment To What End? 2 Animals and Infants Non-Primates Non-Human Primates Infants 3 A Pinch of Anthropology Kin or the Group Reciprocity in Tribal Communities The Undernourishment of Reciprocity 4 A Dash of Behavioural Economics A Little Theory Prisoners, Ultimatums and Dictators The Other Games People Play Beyond Abstraction 5 The Domain of Reciprocity A Fair Exchange? Fostering a Fair Exchange A False Dichotomy 6 The Dark Side of Reciprocity Resentment Retaliation and Retribution Cronyism, Fundamentalism, Nationalism and Other Isms Ten Lessons 7 Nurturing Reciprocity in Public Policy
The Importance of Emphasis The Case for Decentralising The Case for Reducing Inequality 8. Reciprocity-Informed Policy Design Fair Effort for Fair Pay, and Trust Between Buyers and Sellers Non-Competitive Trade Reputation Once More Messaging Reciprocity 9 Towards a Political Economy of Behavioural Public Policy Addressing Internalities The View from Nowhere Reciprocity and Flourishing Budging Phishing 10 Summing Up Principal Arguments Encore References Index
What motivates human behaviour? Drawing on literatures from anthropology to zoology, Oliver examines how we are motivated to give and take, rather than give or take. This book reviews the evolution of reciprocity as a motivator of behaviour, in terms of its observation in non-human species, in very young humans, and in societies that we can reasonably expect are similar to those in which our distant ancestors lived. The behavioural economic and social psychology literature that aims to discern when and in what circumstances reciprocity is likely to be observed and sustained is also reviewed, followed by a discussion on whether reciprocity is relevant to both the economic and the social domains. The dark sides of reciprocity are considered, before turning again to the light, and how the potentially beneficial effects of reciprocity might best be realised. This culminates in the presentation of a new political economy of behavioural public policy, with reciprocity playing a prominent role.