The craft of research /
Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, Joseph Bizup, William T. FitzGerald.
- 4. ed.
- Chicago: London: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
- xvi, 316 p.
- Chicago guides to writing, editing, and publishing .
- Chicago guides to writing, editing, and publishing. .
Inclui bibliografia e índice.
1 - Thinking in print: the uses of research, public and private -- 1.1. What is research? -- 1.2. Why write it up? -- 1.3. Why a formal paper? -- 1.4. Writing is thinking 2. Connecting with your reader? : Creating a role for yourself and your readers -- 2.1. Conversing with your readers -- 2.2. Understanding your role -- 2.3. Imagining your readers' role II - Asking questions, Finding Answers 3. From topics to questions -- 3.1. From an interest to a topic -- 3.2. From a broad topic to a focused one -- 3.2. From a focused topic to questions -- 3.4. The most significant question: So What? 4. From questions to a problem -- 4.1. Understanding research problems -- 4.2. Understanding the common structure of problems -- 4.3. Finding a good research problem -- 4.4. Learning to work with problems 5. From problems to sources -- 5.1. Three kinds of sources and their uses -- 5.2. Navigating the twenty-first-century libraty -- 5.3. Locating sources on the internet -- 5.4. Evaluating Sources for relevance and reliability -- 5.5. Looking Beyond predictable sources -- 5.6. Using people to further your research 6. Engaging sources -- 6.1. Recording complete bibliographical information -- 6.2. Engaging sources actively -- 6.3. Reading for problem -- 6.4. Reading for arguments -- 6.5. Reading for data and support -- 6.6. Taking Notes -- 6.7. Annotating Your sources III - Making an argument 7. Making good arguments: An overview -- 7.1. Argument as a conversation with readers -- 7.2. Supporting your clain -- 7.3. Acknowledging and responding to anticipated questions and objections -- 7.4. Connecting claims and reasons with warrants -- 7.5. Building a complex argument out of simple ones -- 7.6. Creating an ethos by thickening your argument 8. Making claims -- 8.1. Determining the kind of claim you should make -- 8.2. Evaluating your claim -- 8.3. Qualifying claims to enhance your credibility 9. Assembling reasons and evidence -- 9.1. Using reasons to plan your argument -- 9.2. Distinguishing evidence from reasons -- 9.3. Distinguishing evidence from reports of it -- 9.4. Evaluating your evidence 10. Acknowledgments and responses -- 10.1. Questioning your argument as your readers will -- 10.2. Imagining alternatives to your argument -- 10.3. Deciding what to acknowledge -- 10.4. Framing your responses as subordinate arguments -- 10.5. The vocabulary od acknowledgment and response 11. Warrants -- 11.1. Warrants in everyday reasoning -- 11.2. Warrants in academic arguments -- 11.3. Understanding the logic of Warrants -- 11.4. Testing Warrants -- 11.5. Knowing when to state a Warrant -- 11.6. Using Warrants to test your argument -- 11.7. Challenging others' Warrants IV - Writing your argument 12. Planning and drafting -- 12.1. Planning your paper -- 12.2. Avoiding three common but flawed plans -- 12.3. Turning your plan into a draft 13. Organizing your argument -- 13.1. Thinking like a reader -- 13.2. Revising your frame -- 13.3. Revising your argument -- 13.4. Revising the organization of your paper -- 13.5. Checking your paragraphs -- 13.6. Letting your draft cool, then paraphrasing it 14. Incorporating sources -- 14.1. Quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing appropriately -- 14.2. Intergrating direct quatations into your text -- 14.3. Showing readers how evidence is relevant -- 14.4. The social importance of citing sources -- 14.5. Four common citation styles -- 14.6. Guarding agaisnt inadvertent plagiarism 15. Communicating evidence visually -- 15.1. Choosing visual or verbal representations -- 15.2. Choosing the most effective graphic -- 15.3. Designing tables, charts, and graphs -- 15.4. Specific guidelines for tables, bar charts, and line graphs -- 15.5. Communicating data ethicaly 16. Introductions and conclusions -- 16.1. The common structure of introductions -- 16.2. Step 1: Establishing a context -- 16.3. Step 2: Stating your problem -- 16.4. Step 3: Stating your response -- 16.5. Setting the right pace -- 16.6. Organizing the whole introduction -- 16.7. Finding your first few words -- 16.8. Writing your conclusion 17. Revising Style: Telling your story clearly -- 17.1. Judging style -- 17.2. The first two principles of clear writing -- 17.3. A thrid principle: old befere new -- 17.4. Choosing between the active and passive voice