000			02113naa a2200217uu 4500
001			11454
003			OSt
005			20190211155446.0
008			030224s2006 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aNAFF, Katherine C., Ph.D _920305
245	1	0	_aThe presidet and representative bureaucracy : _brhetoric and reality
260			_aMalden, MA : _bBlackwell Publishers, _cmar./apr.2000
520	3		_aPolicy makers have long recognized the importance of achieving a representative federal bureaucracy, but the four most recent presidents have expressed divergent views about policies designed to achieve this goal. Meanwhile, there have been widespread perceptions among federal employees that the administrations' ideologies have had a direct impact on the opportunities of minorities, women, and white men for advancement. Using government-wide data from 1979 to 1996, this article examines whether such employment opportunities have varied in the manner suggested by these perceptions. We find little evidence of a correlation between the president's views on affimative acton and minority and female representation in the overall federal workforce. Moreover, the curtailment of promotion opportunities during the Reagan and Clinton administrations has affected all groups nearly equally. Potential presidential influence has been more notable in the representation of women and minorities in politcally appoint4d and career senior executive jobs. We conclude that equal employment opportunity and affirmative action policies have remained basically intact during the 18-year period, but that recent court decision, along with efforts to reduce the size of government, may slow progress toward achieving a representative bureaucracy
590			_aPublic administration review PAR
590			_aMarch/April 2000 Volume 60 Number 2
700	1		_aCRUM, John, Ph.D _920306
773	0	8	_tPublic Administration Review: PAR _g60, 2, p. 98-110 _dMalden, MA : Blackwell Publishers, mar./apr.2000 _xISSN 00333352 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20030224 _bCassio _cCassio
998			_a20090618 _b1031^b _cmayze
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c11578 _d11578
041			_aeng