000			01693naa a2200205uu 4500
001			11716
003			OSt
005			20190211155615.0
008			030311s2006 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aBOYNE, George _91394
245	1	0	_aTesting the limits of incrementalism : _ban empirical analysis of expenditure decision by english local authorities, 1981-1996
260			_bR.A.W. Rhodes, _c2000
520	3		_aStudies of budgetary outputs in public organizations are dominated by the theory of incrementalism. This perspective suggest that expenditure decisions are based on simple rules of thumb. We evaluate the validity of incrementalism by examining the annual spending decisions of 403 English local authorities over 15 budgetary cycles. Two budgetary norms are tested emprically ; protect the real level of service provision , and follow central expenditure guidelines. Each of these norms is translated into two decision rules: marginality, or the size of deviations form the norm, and regularity, which refers to the consistency of such deviations over time. Few of the statistical results support the hypothesis that local expenditure decision are dominated by general budgetary norms or specific decions rules. Our evidence therefore casts doubt on the validity of incrementalism as a theory of local budgetary outputs, and as an explanation of spending decisions in the public sector as a whole
700	1		_aASHWORTH, Rachel _9584
700	1		_aPOWELL, Martin _98578
773	0	8	_tPublic Administration: an international quarterly _g78, 1, p. 51-73 _dR.A.W. Rhodes, 2000 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20030311 _bCassio _cCassio
998			_a20060330 _b1453^b _cQuiteria
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c11839 _d11839
041			_aeng