000			04018nam a2200277uu 4500
001			1042
003			OSt
005			20241108062533.0
008			001016s1995 xx ||||g| |0|| 0 eng d
090			_a5 _bH865s
100	1		_94948 _a HOWLETT, Michael
245	1	0	_aStudying public policy : _bpolicy cycles and policy subsystems
260			_aToronto : _bOxford University, _c1995
300			_a239 p.
505	8	0	_tChapter 1: Policy science and political science _tThe ambitions of policy science _tDefinition of public policy _tUnderstanding public policy _tAn applied problem-solving model of the policy process _tTowards an improved model of the policy cycle _tChapter 2: Approaches to public policy _tConceptual issues _tDedutive theories _tPublic choice _tClass theories _tNeo-institutionalism _tInductive theories _tWelfare economics _tPluralism and corporatism _tStatism _tPart 2: Actors, institutions, and instruments _tChapter 3: Actors and institutions-assessing the policy capabilities of states _tConceptual issues _tActors in the policy process _tElected officials _tAppointed officials _tInterest groups _tReserch organizations _tMass media _tOrganization of the state _tIntergovernmental division of power-federalism _tIntragovernmental division of power-executive, legislature and judiciary _tThe structure of the bureaucracy _tOrganization of the society _tBusiness _tLabour _tOrganization of the international system _tInternational trade regime _tInternational financial regime _tAssessing the effects of international institutions _tChapter 4: Policy instruments _tClassification of policy instruments _tVoluntary instruments _tFamily and community _tVoluntary organization _tThe market _tCompulsory instruments _tRegulations _tPublic enterprise _tDirect provision _tMixed instruments _tInformation and exhortation _tSubsidy _tAuction of property rights _tTaxes and user charges _tPart 3: The public policy process _tChapter 5: Agenda setting-policy determinants and policy windows _tConceptual issues _tPolicy determinants _tEconomic and technological determinism _tInterplay of politics and economics _tIdeas and ideology _tRe-conceptualizing the agenda-setting process _tTypical agenda-setting processes _tChapter 6: policy formulation-policy communities and policy networks _tConceptual issues _tPolicy subsystems _tSub-governments, iron triangles and issue networks _tAdvocacy coalitions _tPolicy networks _tPolicy communities _tTaxonomy of policy subsystems _tChapter 7: Public policy decision-making - beyond rationalism, incrementalism, and irrationalism _tConceptual issues _tModels of decision-making _tThe rational model _tThe incremental model _tThe garbage can model _tA subsystem model of public decision-making _tChapter 8: Policy implementation-policy design and the choice pf policy instrument _tConceptual issues _tThe realities of policy implementation _tPerspectives on policy implementation _tRationales for instrument choice _tEconomic models _tPolitical models _tA synthetic model of policy instrument choice _tChapter 9: Policy evaluation-policy analysis and policy learning _tConceptual issues _tTypes of policy evaluation _tAdministrative evaluation-managerial performance and budgeting systems _tJudicial evaluation-judicial review and administrative discretion _tPolitical evaluation-consultations with policy subsystems and the public _tPolicy evaluation-policy learning _tPart 4: conclusion _tChapter 10: Policy styles, policy paradigms and the policy cycle _tNormal and paradigmatic patterns of policy change _tNormal policy change-policy style _tA punctuated equilibrium model of paradigmatic policy change _tConclusion-policy subsystems, policy learning and policy change _tChapter 11: Afterword - still studying public policy
650		4	_aPolítica Pública _912838
650		4	_911940 _a Ciência Política
650		4	_aInstituição _913052
650		4	_aPoder Político _911943
650		4	_912404 _a Tomada de Decisão
650		4	_aImplementação _912939
700	1		_913543 _aRamesh, M.
942			_cG
998			_a20001016 _bElda _cElda
998			_a20160728 _b1518^b _cCarolina
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c1231 _d1231
041			_aeng