000			02048naa a2200181uu 4500
001			6041115343321
003			OSt
005			20190211161004.0
008			060411s2006 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aJACOBS, Lawrence R. _924423
245	1	0	_aWho Influences U.S. Foreign Policy?
260			_aNew York, NY : _bAmerican Political Science Association, _cFebruary 2005
520	3		_aResearch in international relations has identified a variety of actors who appear to influence U.S. foreign policy, including experts and “epistemic communities,” organized interests (especially business and labor), and ordinary citizens or “public opinion.” This research, however, has often focused on a single factor at a time, rather than systematically testing the relative importance of alternative possible influences. Using extensive survey data gathered over three decades we conduct a comparative test, attempting to account for the expressed foreign policy preferences of policy makers by means of the preferences of the general public and those of several distinct sets of elites. The results of cross-sectional and time-lagged analyses suggest that U.S. foreign policy is most heavily and consistently influenced by internationally oriented business leaders, followed by experts (who, however, may themselves be influenced by business). Labor appears to have significant but smaller impacts. The general public seems to have considerably less effect, except under particular conditions. These results generally hold over several different analytical models (including two-observation time series) and different clusters of issues (economic, military, and diplomatic), with some variations across different institutional settings (the U.S. House, Senate, and executive branch).
700	1		_aPAGE, Benjamin I. _924424
773	0	8	_tAmerican Political Science Review _g99, 1, p. 107-124 _dNew York, NY : American Political Science Association, February 2005 _xISSN 0003-0554 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20060411 _b1534^b _cNatália
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c15522 _d15522
041			_aeng