000			01620naa a2200169uu 4500
001			7022219090410
003			OSt
005			20190211162653.0
008			070222s2007 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aGARFINKEL, Irwin ...[et. al] _931256
245	1	0	_aA Re-examination of welfare states and inequality in rich nations : _bhow in-kind transfers and indirect taxes change the story
260			_aWashington, DC : _bWiley Periodicals, _cFall 2006
520	3		_aPrevious studies find large crossnational differences in inequality amongst rich Western nations, due in large part to differences in the generosity of welfare state transfers. The United States is the least generous nation and the one having the most aftertax and transfer inequality. But these analyses are limited to the effects of cash and nearcash transfers and direct taxes on incomes, while on average, half of welfare state transfers in rich nations are inkind benefits - health insurance, education, and other services. Counting inkind benefits at government cost and accounting for the indirect taxes used to finance transfers substantially reduces crossnational differences in inequality at the bottom of the income distribution. The findings have implications for how we think about tradeoffs across welfare state domains that all nations face and we illustrate this with reference to the current U.S. debate about health insurance
773	0	8	_tJournal of Policy Analysis and Management _g25, 4, p. 897-919 _dWashington, DC : Wiley Periodicals, Fall 2006 _xISSN 0276-8739 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20070222 _b1909^b _cTiago
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c22793 _d22793
041			_aeng