000			01858naa a2200181uu 4500
001			8041810070924
003			OSt
005			20190211163611.0
008			080418s2008 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aKARP, Jeffrey _934089
245	1	0	_aPolitical Efficacy and Participation in Twenty-Seven Democracies : _bHow Electoral Systems Shape Political Behaviour
260			_aCambridge, UK : _bCambridge University Press, _cApril 2008
520	3		_aAdvocates of proportional representation (PR) often cite its potential for increasing citizen involvement in politics as one of PR's fundamental advantages over plurality or first-past-the-post systems. The assumption is that plurality electoral systems distort the translation of votes into seats, discouraging and alienating small party supporters and other political minorities. In contrast, PR systems are believed to provide greater opportunities for representation which are assumed to instil greater efficacy and increase participation. We examine this theory linking institutions to electoral participation across a diverse set of countries using data from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems. Using a multi-level approach we find evidence consistent with the expectations about the negative influence of disproportional systems on political minorities. Voters are also likely to have stronger partisan preferences in PR systems, which enhances political efficacy and increases voter participation. The effects of PR, however, are not all positive; broad coalitions, which are likely to be a feature of these systems, reduce political efficacy
700	1		_aBANDUCCI, Susan A _934074
773	0	8	_tBritish Journal of Political Science _g38, 2, p. 311-334 _dCambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, April 2008 _xISSN 0007-1234 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20080418 _b1007^b _cZailton
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c26224 _d26224
041			_aeng