000			01438naa a2200181uu 4500
001			9020615270710
003			OSt
005			20190211164739.0
008			090206s2008 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aHELLSTRÖM, Johan _934860
245	1	0	_aWho leads, who follows? : _bre-examining the party-electorate linkages on european integration
260			_aOxfordshire, UK : _bTaylor & Francis, _cDecember 2008
520	3		_aThis article re-examines and evaluates the link between electorates' opinions and national political parties' positions on European integration, i.e. the extent to which political parties lead and/or follow public opinion on this issue. Applying a method for causal modelling (Granger causality tests) to panel data concerning political parties' positions and voters' opinions in 15 countries from 1973 to 2003, I find (contrary to previous investigations of this relationship) that there is little empirical support for an electoral connection or reciprocal causation between party positions and electorates' opinion regarding European integration. Parties have an influence on voter opinions, but are at the same time unresponsive to changes in voter opinion
773	0	8	_tJournal of European Public Policy _g15, 8, p. 1127-1144 _dOxfordshire, UK : Taylor & Francis, December 2008 _xISSN 13501763 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20090206 _b1527^b _cTiago
998			_a20100617 _b1556^b _cJaqueline
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c28232 _d28232
041			_aeng