000			02494naa a2200205uu 4500
001			9092915470113
003			OSt
005			20190211165619.0
008			090929s2009 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aCOOK, Joseph _937897
245	1	0	_aUsing private demand studies to calculate socially optimal vaccine subsidies in developing countries
260			_bWiley-Blackwell, _c2009
520	3		_aAlthough it is well known that vaccines against many infectious diseases confer positive economic externalities via indirect protection, analysts have typically ignored possible herd protection effects in policy analyses of vaccination programs. Despite a growing literature on the economic theory of vaccine externalities and several innovative mathematical modeling approaches, there have been almost no empirical applications.
520	3		_aThe first objective of the paper is to develop a transparent, accessible economic framework for assessing the private and social economic benefits of vaccination. We also describe how stated preference studies (for example, contingent valuation and choice modeling) can be useful sources of economic data for this analytic framework. We demonstrate socially optimal policies using a graphical approach, starting with a standard textbook depiction of Pigouvian subsidies applied to herd protection from vaccination programs. We also describe nonstandard depictions that highlight some counterintuitive implications of herd protection that we feel are not commonly understood in the applied policy literature.
520	3		_aWe illustrate the approach using economic and epidemiological data from two neighborhoods in Kolkata, India. We use recently published epidemiological data on the indirect effects of cholera vaccination in Matlab, Bangladesh (Ali et al., 2005) for fitting a simple mathematical model of how protection changes with vaccine coverage. We use new data on costs and private demand for cholera vaccines in Kolkata, India, and approximate the optimal Pigouvian subsidy. We find that if the optimal subsidy is unknown, selling vaccines at full marginal cost may, under some circumstances, be a preferable second-best option to providing them for free. © 2009 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
773	0	8	_tJournal of Policy Analysis and Management _g28, 1, p. 6-28 _dWiley-Blackwell, 2009 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20090929 _b1547^b _cmayze
998			_a20091007 _b0932^b _cCarolina
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c30213 _d30213
041			_aeng