000			01944naa a2200181uu 4500
001			0043013014937
003			OSt
005			20190211171348.0
008			100430s1997 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aROSS, Fiona _939781
245	1	0	_aCutting public expenditures in advanced industrial democracies : _bthe importance of avoiding blame
260			_aMalden : _bWiley-Blackwell, _cApril 1997
520	3		_aThis article examines three conditions for cutting public expenditures across a sample of 16 advanced industrial democracies: intent, ability, and need during the 1970s and 1980s. Unlike spending increases, cuts require purposeful action. A first condition, therefore, for cutting expenditures is that leaders intend to curb spending. Surprisingly, the results indicate that leftist parties are considerably more effective at cutting expenditures than parties of the right. Indeed, leaders appear to have most latitude when a feared course of action is considered least likely. A second condition is that of ability. Institutions constrain and facilitate leadership. The degree to which decision-making must be shared within the executive both helps and hinders budget-cutting across exogenous conditions. While oversized coalitions may impede losses, they may also facilitate them by sharing responsibility for unpopular measures and thus reducing electoral repercussions. Indeed, both party and institutional results point to the centrality of avoiding blame in the loss]inducing process. A third condition for cutting public expenditures involves need. While objective economic indicators are not irrelevant, the issue of need is largely politically defined.
773	0	8	_tGovernance: An International Journal of Policy and Administration _g10, 2, p. 175-200 _dMalden : Wiley-Blackwell, April 1997 _xISSN 09521895 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20100430 _b1301^b _cDaiane
998			_a20100505 _b1713^b _cCarolina
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c32742 _d32742
041			_aeng