000			01655naa a2200181uu 4500
001			0071514414637
003			OSt
005			20190211173424.0
008			100715s2006 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aPERLMAN, Janice E. _941600
245	1	0	_aThe metamorphosis of marginality : _bfour generations in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro
260			_aThousand Oaks : _bSAGE, _cJuly 2006
520	3		_aThis article is based on a four-generational study of residents in three squatter communities (favelas) in Rio de Janeiro from 1968 to 2003. It shows how the marginalization of the urban poor has deepened over the past thirty-five years through drug-related violence, the failure of democracy to deliver on its promise of voice for the disenfranchised, the stigma of place and race, the increase in unemployment, and the inability to translate educational gains into concomitant income or occupational gains. Despite significant improvements in consumption of collective urban services, household goods, and schooling, few have been successful enough to move into “good neighborhoods” or into professional jobs. Gang violence creates a pervasive sense of fear and diminishes the social capital of the communities. Despite the promise of the end of the dictatorship in 1984, favela residents feel they are more excluded. Yet they still have hope that their lives will improve in the future.
773	0	8	_tThe Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science _g606, p. 154-177 _dThousand Oaks : SAGE, July 2006 _xISSN 00027162 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20100715 _b1441^b _cDaiane
998			_a20100803 _b1043^b _cCarolina
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c35025 _d35025
041			_aeng