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003			OSt
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008			020912s2005 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aHILL, Larry B _94810
245	1	0	_aThe Ombudsman revisited : _bthirty years of Hawaiian experience
260			_aMalden, MA : _bBlackwell Publishers, _cjan./feb.2002
520	3		_aThis article examines the classical, or real, ombudsman. Unlike quasi ombudsmen, which are bureaucratic control mechanisms subject to executive leaders or agency administrators, real Ombudsmen are operationally independent officials of the legislative branch. In 1969, the state of Hawaii was the first to create a real ombudsman. Although lowa, Nebraska, Alaska, and Arizona have since followed Havaii's lead, no intensive, long-term study of American ombudsmen has yet been published. This article examines the ombudsman as a monitor of Hawaii's bureaucracies and considers the extent to which the office has become institutionalized over the past 30 years. Nearly 75,000 citizens have had their complaints investigated by the ombudsman, and more than one-fifth of them were rectified, that is, the agency reversed its original action. This study indicates that the classical ombudsman can become institutionalized in the United States. The findings have policy implications as jurisdictions at the federal, state, and locial levels consider the creation of ombudsmen or quasi ombudsmen
590			_aPublic administration review PAR
590			_aJanuary/February 2002 Volume 62 Number 1
773	0	8	_tPublic Administration Review: PAR _g62, 1, p. 24-41 _dMalden, MA : Blackwell Publishers, jan./feb.2002 _xISSN 00333352 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20020912 _bLucima _cLucimara
998			_a20090616 _b1612^b _cmayze
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c7015 _d7015
041			_aeng