000			01636naa a2200181uu 4500
001			8822
003			OSt
005			20190211154542.0
008			021202s2005 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d
100	1		_aMacDONALD,Douglas _96392
245	1	0	_aCoerciveness and the selection of environmental policy instruments
260			_c2001
520	3		_aDegree of coerciveness is often used to categorize policy instruments. This article analyses the relative coerciveness associated with the instruments used by municipal, provincial and federal governments in Canada to address three major successive pollution threats - sewage, industrial toxic waste, andgreenhouse-gas emissions - that have appeared on the policy agenda over the course of the past century. During that time, there has been an overall trend of declining coerciveness, with one exception. In the case of toxic, waste, established regulatory regimes were made more coercive some years after they were first put in place. These findings can best be explained by theories of instrument choice that look to interactions among relevant state and societal actors in the policy network. It is suggested that one aspect of that process in particular - the balance of power between regulator and "regulatee"- is of importancein explaning relative coerciveness. We must first understand the ability of the regulator to coerce before we can explain the selection of more or less coercive instruments
773	0	8	_tCanadian Public Administration _g44, 2, p. 161-187 _d, 2001 _w
942			_cS
998			_a20021202 _bCassio _cCassio
998			_a20060629 _b1438^b _cQuiteria
999			_aConvertido do Formato PHL _bPHL2MARC21 1.1 _c8967 _d8967
041			_aeng