| 000 -LEADER |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
01545naa a2200181uu 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER |
|---|
| control field |
10592 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER |
|---|
| control field |
OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION |
|---|
| control field |
20190211155113.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION |
|---|
| fixed length control field |
030130s2005 xx ||||gr |0|| 0 eng d |
| 999 ## - SYSTEM CONTROL NUMBERS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Koha Dewey Subclass [OBSOLETE] |
PHL2MARC21 1.1 |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE |
|---|
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title |
eng |
| 100 1# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME |
|---|
| Personal name |
TRUE, James L |
| 9 (RLIN) |
10801 |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT |
|---|
| Title |
Avalanches and incrementalism : |
| Remainder of title |
making policy and budgets in the United States |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. |
|---|
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. |
2000 |
| 520 3# - SUMMARY, ETC. |
|---|
| Summary, etc. |
Incrementalism is the dominant theory for explaining government decisions about policy and budgets,but is of little use in explaining the large-scale budget changes and policy redirections that are actually observed. This article reviews recent effort to explain both large and small changes in government decision making, and argues that punctuated equilibrum theory offers a better way of relating politics, government institutions, and policies. This new theory incorporates both incrementalism and large-scale changes into its view of government as a complex interactive system. Extending the new theory specifically to budgeting produces the avalanche budget model, which races how a government of different levels and processes generates both the stability and upsets found today in policies and budegets. Major changes are now and have been much more common in government policies and budgets than previously imagined, and this article examines some of the implications of that finding |
| 773 08 - HOST ITEM ENTRY |
|---|
| Title |
The American Review of Public Administration |
| Related parts |
30, 1, p. 3-18 |
| Place, publisher, and date of publication |
, 2000 |
| Record control number |
|
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) |
|---|
| Koha item type |
Periódico |
| 998 ## - LOCAL CONTROL INFORMATION (RLIN) |
|---|
| -- |
20030130 |
| Operator's initials, OID (RLIN) |
Cassio |
| Cataloger's initials, CIN (RLIN) |
Cassio |
| 998 ## - LOCAL CONTROL INFORMATION (RLIN) |
|---|
| -- |
20060721 |
| Operator's initials, OID (RLIN) |
1431^b |
| Cataloger's initials, CIN (RLIN) |
Quiteria |
